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sig figs · decimals · ₹ to 50 paise

Rounding calculator

Significant figures, decimal places, a cash-rounding step and the four directions — each with the amount that was actually discarded.

Short answer: 0.0999 to two significant figures is 0.10 — two figures of precision, not a rounded-to-zero value. To two decimal places it is 0.10 as well, but 0.00042 to two decimal places is 0.00, which is exactly why the two rules differ.

Significant figures versus decimal places

Significant figures follow the number wherever it goes; decimal places stay anchored to the point. A measurement of 0.00042 m has two useful digits, and rounding it to two decimal places destroys it. The page shows both so the difference is visible rather than remembered.

Worked example

A bill of ₹1,234.57 paid in cash rounds to ₹1,234.50 — a 7 paise reduction — while the same amount on UPI stays ₹1,234.57. To three significant figures the same figure is ₹1,230, which is an estimate rather than a payment.

Rounding questions

How many significant figures does my number have?

Leading zeros never count, so 0.00042 has two significant figures and rounding it to two leaves it unchanged. The calculator reports that rather than flattening it to 0.00, which a decimal-place rule would do.

Does it ever pad trailing zeros?

No. Rounding 12 to five significant figures returns 12, not 12.000, because padding would invent precision the measurement never had. That is the whole distinction between significant figures and decimal places.

How does rupee rounding work?

Cash payments in India are rounded to the nearest 50 paise; card and UPI payments are not rounded at all. The page applies the step you choose and says which convention it is following instead of assuming one.

Which rounding direction does it use?

Half away from zero, so 2.5 rounds to 3 and −2.5 to −3. That is what accounting expects; banker’s rounding would send 2.5 to 2 and is not used here.

Related tools

Scientific notation converterThe same precision in exponent form.Percentage calculatorPercentage error and change.Statistics calculatorWhere rounded numbers get summarised.